MCC’s $362.5 million Lesotho Compact (2008-2013) aimed to rehabilitate, improve, and expand urban water networks in five urban centers through the $33.3 million Urban and Peri-Urban Water Activity. This investment was based on the theory that improving water supply infrastructure would increase access to and reliability of quality water. This was expected to save time and reduce illness among households, thereby raising incomes, and to increase industry investment.